A New Years Resolution, MyMIT-Style

A New Year’s Resolution, MyMIT-Style Happy new year everyone! Ive been out with the flu most of this week so Im feeling horribly behind in most areas of life. Being sick just blows. Most of the time I can ignore it and power ahead, but the flu seems to demand attention. Alas. Hoping to be back in the office tomorrow at any rate. EA admits: after todays build, youll be able to upload your photo into the admitted student guestbook. Check it out! So whats going on in MyMIT land? I submitted a big proposal just before holiday vacation outlining a lot of changes Id like to make to MyMIT to make it a better experience for you guys. First, well be adding a lot of new portlets in the next month or two based on requests that youve made for specific types of content. Second, Ive decided to display portlet content by date instead of by user-preferences. Based on the feedback Ive recevied from you, it seems that youd rather see all the new stuff each week even if it falls outside of your preferences. So well be changing the functionality a bit to make sure youre seeing new stuff all the time. The major part of my proposal was an outline to turn the portal into more of a community-based experience. You guys have been requesting a more streamlined ability to interact with each other, with us, with current MIT students, and with the authors of our features. I think well be able to get there in the not-too-distant future, although it will take a lot of planning and design. Ill keep you updated. Let me know if Ive read your priorities right (new portlets, fresher content, online community) or if there are other things you think are even more important to address. Remember that MyMIT is designed for you, so you should have a hand in its design. All feedback welcomed! Heres to a great 2005 and stay healthy!!! -B

Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812

The Battle of New Orleans was fought December 23, 1814-January 8, 1815, during the War of 1812 (1812-1815). Armies Commanders Americans Major General Andrew JacksonCommodore Daniel Pattersonapprox. 4,700-4,800 men British Major General Edward PakenhamVice Admiral Sir Alexander CochraneMajor General John Lambertapprox. 8,000-9,000 men Battle of New Orleans - Background In 1814, with the Napoleonic Wars concluding in Europe, Britain was free to focus its attention on fighting the Americans in North America. The British plan for the year called for three major offensives with one coming from Canada, another striking at Washington, and the third hitting New Orleans. While the thrust from Canada was defeated at the Battle of Plattsburgh by Commodore Thomas MacDonough and Brigadier General Alexander Macomb, the offensive in the Chesapeake region saw some success before being halted at Fort McHenry. A veteran of the latter campaign, Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane moved south that fall for the attack on New Orleans. Having embarked 8,000-9,000 men, under the command of Major General Edward Pakenham, a veteran of the Duke of Wellingtons Spanish campaigns, Cochranes fleet of around 60 ships arrived off Lake Borgne on December 12. In New Orleans, the defense of the city was tasked to Major General Andrew Jackson, commanding the Seventh Military District, and Commodore Daniel Patterson who oversaw the US Navys forces in the region. Working frantically, Jackson assembled around 4,700 men which included the 7th US Infantry, 58 US Marines, a variety of militia, Jean Lafittes Baratarian pirates, as well as free black and Native American troops (Map). Battle of New Orleans - Fighting on Lake Borgne Desiring to approach New Orleans through Lake Borgne and the adjacent bayous, Cochrane directed Commander  Nicholas Lockyer to assemble a force of 42 armed longboats to sweep American gunboats from the lake.   Commanded by Lieutenant Thomas ap Catesby Jones, American forces on Lake Borgne numbered five gunboats and two small sloops of war.   Departing on December 12, Lockyers 1,200-man force located Jones squadron 36 hours later.   Closing with the enemy, his men were able to board the American vessels and overwhelm their crews.   Though a victory for British, the engagement delayed their advance and gave Jackson additional time to prepare his defenses.   Battle of New Orleans - The British Approach With the lake open, Major General John Keane landed on Pea Island and established a British garrison. Pushing forward, Keane and 1,800 men reached the east bank of the Mississippi River approximately nine miles south of the city on December 23 and encamped on the Lacoste Plantation. Had Keane continued his advance up the river, he would have found the road to New Orleans undefended.   Alerted to the British presence by  Colonel Thomas Hinds dragoons, Jackson reportedly proclaimed  By the Eternal, they shall not sleep on our soil and commenced preparations for an immediate strike against the enemy camp. Early that evening, Jackson arrived north of Keanes position with 2,131men.   Launching a three-pronged attack on the camp, a sharp fight ensued that saw American forces inflict 277 (46 killed) casualties while sustaining 213 (24 killed). Falling back after the battle, Jackson established a line along the Rodriguez Canal four miles south of the city at Chalmette. Though a tactical victory for Keane, the American attack put the British commander off balance, causing him to delay any advance on the city. Using this time, Jacksons men began fortifying the canal, dubbing it Line Jackson. Two days later, Pakenham arrived on the scene and was angered by the armys position opposite an increasingly strong fortification. Though Pakenham initially wished to move the army through the Chef Menteur Pass to Lake Pontchartrain, he was convinced by his staff to move against Line Jackson as they believed the small American force could be easily defeated. Repelling British probing attacks on December 28, Jacksons men began eight constructing batteries along the line and on the west bank of the Mississippi. These were supported by the sloop of war USS Louisiana (16 guns) in the river.   As Pakenhams main force arrived on January 1, an artillery duel began between the opposing forces. Though several American guns were disabled, Pakenham elected to delay his main attack. Battle of New Orleans - Pakenhams Plan For his main assault, Pakenham wished an attack on both sides of the river. A force under Colonel William Thornton was to cross to the west bank, assault the American batteries, and turn their guns on Jacksons line. As this occurred, the main body of the army would attack Line Jackson with Major General Samuel Gibbs advancing on the right, with Keane to his left. A smaller force under Colonel Robert Rennie would move forward along the river. This plan quickly ran into problems as difficulties arose getting the boats to move Thorntons men from Lake Borne to the river. While a canal had been constructed, it began to collapse and the dam intended to divert water into the new channel failed. As a result, the boats had to be dragged through the mud leading to a 12-hour delay. As a result, Thornton was late in crossing on the night of January 7/8 and the current forced him to land further downstream than intended. Despite knowing that Thornton would not be in place to attack in concert with the army, Pakenham elected to move forward. Additional delays soon occurred when Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Mullens 44th Irish Regiment, which was meant to lead Gibbs attack and bridge the canal with ladders and fascines, could not be found in the morning fog. With dawn approaching, Pakenham ordered the attack to begin. While Gibbs and Rennie advanced, Keane was further delayed. Battle of New Orleans - Standing Firm As his men moved onto the Chalmette plain, Pakenham hoped that the dense fog would provide some protection. This was soon dashed as the fog melted away under the morning sun. Seeing the British columns before their line, Jacksons men opened an intense artillery and rifle fire upon the enemy. Along the river, Rennies men succeeded in taking a redoubt in front of the American lines. Storming inside, they were halted by fire from the main line and Rennie was shot dead. On the British right, Gibbs column, under heavy fire, was approaching the ditch in front of the American lines but lacked the fascines to cross (Map). With his command falling apart, Gibbs was soon joined by Pakenham who led the wayward 44th Irish forward. Despite their arrival, the advance remained stalled and Pakenham was soon wounded in the arm. Seeing Gibbs men faltering, Keane foolishly ordered the 93rd Highlanders to angle across the field to their aid. Absorbing fire from the Americans, the Highlanders soon lost their commander, Colonel Robert Dale. With his army collapsing, Pakenham ordered Major General John Lambert to lead the reserves forward. Moving to rally the Highlanders, he was struck in the thigh, and then mortally wounded in the spine. The loss of Pakenham was soon followed by the death of Gibbs and the wounding of Keane. In a matter of minutes, the entirety of British senior command on the field was down. Leaderless, British troops remained on the killing field. Pushing forward with the reserves, Lambert was met by the remnants of the attack columns as they fled towards the rear. Seeing the situation as hopeless, Lambert pulled back. The only success of the day came across the river where Thorntons command overwhelmed the American position. This too was surrendered though after Lambert learned that it would take 2,000 men to hold the west bank. Battle of New Orleans - Aftermath The victory at New Orleans on January 8 cost Jackson around 13 killed, 58 wounded, and 30 captured for a total of 101. The British reported their losses as 291 killed, 1,262 wounded, and 484 captured/missing for a total of 2,037. A stunningly one-sided victory, the Battle of New Orleans was the signature American land victory of the war. In the wake of the defeat, Lambert and Cochrane withdrew after bombarding Fort St. Philip. Sailing to Mobile Bay, they captured Fort Bowyer in February and made preparations for attacking Mobile. Before the attack could go forward, the British commanders learned that a peace treaty had been signed at Ghent, Belgium. In fact, the treaty had been signed on December 24, 1814, prior to the majority of the fighting in New Orleans. Though the United States Senate had yet to ratify the treaty, its terms stipulated that fighting should cease. While the victory at New Orleans did not influence the content of the treaty, it did aid in forcing the British to abide by its terms. In addition, the battle made Jackson a national hero and aided in propelling him to the presidency. Selected Sources US Army Center for Military History: Battle of New OrleansAndrew Jackson: Leading the Battle of New OrleansJean Lafitte National Historical Park

How Divorce Has Changed Changing Society - 1491 Words

Society is constantly changing. We are able to visualize these changes year after year by way of statistics. This allows us to be able to use these values to qualitatively analyze correlation, causation, and effect. One topic that has benefited from the use of statistics to measure its effects is divorce. Divorce is defined as the legal process of dissolving a marriage, thus separating two individuals (Merriam). From generation to generation, divorce has been on a steady increase. The annual rate of divorce more than doubled between the mid-1960s and the early 1980s (Croteau). As of recent, statistics show an increase in divorce rates from less than 20% to nearly 50% since 1960 (Croteau). Throughout history, divorce has remained a controversial topic. Perceptions of divorce have drastically changed essentially because the value of marriage has changed. Marriage was once seen as a practical necessity and an irrevocable commitment. The view of marriage caused divorce to be perceived as a stigma. Divorce in earlier generations was not granted by the court system unless there were extenuating circumstances (Evolution). For example, if the woman in the marriage was unable to conceive children the divorce would be granted to the man. This remained the standard practice until the 1970’s with the introduction of â€Å"no-fault divorces† (Croteau). â€Å"No-fault† divorces were divorces granted to a family based solely on the request of one of the partners (Croteau). This legalShow MoreRelatedRecent Changes in British Society and Greater Diversity of Family Types1379 Words   |  6 PagesRecent Changes in British Society and Greater Diversity of Family Ty pes Recent changes in British society have led to a greater diversity of family types, Some writers have argued that traditional family life is disappearing in Britain Moore, 1987, Sociology alive. Most people seem to view the traditional family as a married male and female with dependant children, however family types today may include one parent families, same sex families, unmarried parents who co habitRead MoreHigh Divorce Rates1163 Words   |  5 PagesWhy is the Divorce Rate So High? Intro to Sociology April 25, 2006 A question that has been plaguing sociologists for years is the issue of high divorce rates. Since the 80s there has been an extremely high rate of divorce in our country. In statistics I found from 2004 the percentage of divorce was at 47(NCHS). This question has been studied vigorously, sociologist have looked in every direction for one solid reason that our divorce rate is so high, even compared to other developed countriesRead MoreDiscuss Changing Family Structures in the Uk and Give Examples of Sociological Theories That Provide Explanations as to Why and How Families Have Changed.1123 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss changing family structures in the UK and give examples of sociological theories that provide explanations as to why and how families have changed. This essay will discuss the various family structures in society. It will give theoretical explanation as to why and how families have changed. The essay will also bring statistical, historical and political evidence to back up the reason for these changes. During the pre-industrial society the ‘extended family’ was the most common familyRead MoreThe Role of British Muslim Women in Society and Workforce1723 Words   |  7 Pagesthen there has been vast settlements of Muslims in Britain, which has brought diversity and change into both Muslim and British communities. To discuss the considerable changes seen in British Muslim communities since 1945, evolving religious leadership and progressive gender development will be studied. The role of religious leadership in British society will first be observed focusing namely on Imam leadership. Following this will be an exploration of the role of Muslim women in society and workforceRead MoreDivorce Is A Social Problem1180 Words   |  5 Pages Divorce Maydelis Escalona Professor Dr. Joyce A. Wuaku SOCL 1020 Introduction to Sociology 8 January 2015 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Review of Literature 4 Conclusion 5 Reference List 6 â€Æ' Divorce Introduction Divorce is a legal action between to married people to end their marriage (Meyer, 2015). Divorce is a social problem in today’s society; it has become an epidemic (Alwin McCammon, 2003). In fact, it is very common for couples to get divorce (Alwin McCammon, 2003)Read MoreBis303 Week 7 Casestudy - Marriage and Family Essay748 Words   |  3 Pages1. What factors bind marriages and families together? How have these factors changed, and how has the divorce rate been affected? As stated in our text, various factors can bind married couples together, such as economic interdependencies, legal, social and moral constraints, relationship, and amongst other things. In the recent years some of these factors have diminished their strengths. The modern generation sees marriage in a different perspective altogether. Individuals today feel they areRead MoreChapter Twelve Of The Marriage And Family Textbook By David Knox1632 Words   |  7 PagesChapter fourteen of the Marriage and family textbook by David Knox, covers divorce and remarriage in today’s society. It discusses how the attitudes towards divorce have changed dramatically from how it was viewed by our parents and grandparents. Not only have society’s views changed on divorce but also on the functioning roles of the family and its structure. The author also goes into how the child custody issues have changed and what things affect children who have divorcing parents. He then goesRead MoreGen der Roles Of The House807 Words   |  4 PagesThe house has at times been a symbol of women’s roles, between 1944 and 1982 the relationship women had with the house changed. This relationship change is indicative to the changing times and the role women played in the house, in the family, and in society. The influences that I believe initiated these changes fall into three themes: 1. The marriage relationship and outside paid work, 2. Education and its impact on femininity, and 3. Technology and its impact on domesticity. The three themes addressRead MoreHow Does Divorce Affect Children?1693 Words   |  7 PagesHow does divorce affect children? Married couples represent fifty one percent of Americans, many of which end in divorce spawning over eleven million single parent families. According to the American Psychological Association forty to fifty percent of marriages in the United States will end in divorce. This marriage dissolution rate results in fifty percent of our children witnessing the divorce of their parents, forty percent of which are being raised without fathers in the home. Divorce and singleRead MoreAdult Relationships And Same Sex Marriage897 Words   |  4 Pagessame-sex marriage culture. In addition to this, attitudes regarding same sex relationship have changed. Between 1988 and 2010, research shows that attitudes toward same sex marriage demonstrate a cultural change in paradigm (Baunach, 2012). According to Oppenheimer, Oliveira, and Blumenthal (2014) in 2003, 33% of Americans were in favor of same sex marriage whereas 58% of Americans were not. This changed drastically in 2013 when 50 % of Americans were in favor of same-sex marriage with 43% who were

Discrimination Of Racial Minorities On Social Economies

Discrimination of Racial Minorities in Social Economies The social economy comprises of a diverse network of organizations and enterprises involved in various operations of society s economic sector. Examples of such include; associations, foundations, cooperatives, and social enterprises, sharing similar features and values. These features and values might include; democratic governance, independent management, independence from general authorities, a combination of interests, voluntary membership, re-investment of gains, and defense of application (Quarter et al., 2009). However, through history, the existence of diverse populations in local and international jurisdictions changed the operation of social economy organizations. Slave†¦show more content†¦These social interests vary from small communities to large societies. However, in either case, economic systems remain governed by noneconomic motives (Quarter et al., 2009). Social economy organizations aim at earning eit her sizeable or entire portion of revenues accrued from marketplaces. These organizations work effectively in private market sectors, and without any external aid such as local or international government financing (Polanyi, 2014). The volume of social economy organizations comprises of cooperatives with capital shares that accrue their revenues from market zones. These include marketing cooperatives, food retailing cooperatives, and credit unions. Others include commercial non-profits such as Blue Cross, automobile associations, recreational institutions, for example, the YM-YMCAs (Quarter et al., 2009). Characteristic Discrimination of Racially Marginalized Communities Discrimination of racially marginalized groups can be discussed using four specific criteria shared by social economy organizations. These characteristics comprise of social ownership, social participation, social objectives in organizations missions, and civic engagement. Social Objectives Social economy organizations are set to meet social objectives that are drafted into organizations charters. These objectives surpass conventional decisions to adopt corporateShow MoreRelatedRacial Discrimination Against Minorities Within The American Workforce Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesRacial discrimination against minorities within the American workforce is evident. Structural racism is the cause of why qualified minorities lacking opportunities, while lesser-qualified White-Americans are hired. This paper will discuss what structural racism is, how it plays into racial discrimination against qualifieded minorities, what can be done to prevent further racial profiling, and briefly touch on the adverse effects racial prejudice has on the economy. Keywords: structural racism, qualifiedRead MoreRace Relations : A Resolved Issue?1644 Words   |  7 Pagesrelations has died down since the civil rights movement, it is still present in politics and the work place today. Race relations works to better the rights of minority citizens and to lessen the gap between the races. With the facts stated above, race relations are an important issue in the United States of America. Race is a much discussed social and political topic. Race, especially in the United States is everybody’s business. Profiling is evident today, where going to an airport can be a hassle ifRead MoreThe Wage Gap Within The United States1687 Words   |  7 Pagesis just a gender problem but it is not, it is unequal opportunities for racial and gender minorities; in fact some women that are of a certain race are paid significantly less than someone who is only of one minority. The wage gap relates to human rights because it violates the right to standard adequa te living and fair wage. The wage gaps existence is soon to be understood through the deplorable conditions of women and racial groups that are infringing on our Human Rights no matter what state weRead MoreAffirmative Action in a Post-Racial Corporate World1488 Words   |  6 PagesAffirmative Action in a Post-Racial Corporate World It is the purpose of this paper to demonstrate that efforts to force corporations to account for abstract principles such as fairness, racial equality, etc., are largely futile. In the end, corporations are meritocracies, not vehicles for correcting social injustices. Indifference is the very trait that makes the angels weep, said Dr. Cornel West, Princeton Professor and public intellectual, to a congregation of black folk at a NAACP conferenceRead MoreMinority Discrimination : The Work Force1685 Words   |  7 Pages Minority Discrimination in the Work Force La Troy King English Composition II Professor Sarah Syrjanen April 6, 2015 â€Æ' Abstract Discrimination is nothing new to our society or is it something that should be taken lightly and for many decades our Nation has endured many conflicts that have tested the will of Americans over the decades and it is evident that as we have become more diverse so too has our workforce. Although, we are in the twenty first century the goal is to understand whyRead MoreRace Relations And The Civil Rights Movement924 Words   |  4 Pagessociety. They have influenced today s society economically, politically, and culturally in many ways. Past and present race relations are difficult and careless. In the past many minorities were treated like property to the majority white. For example, in the 1800’s the white majority used the African-American minority as salves. The African-Americans were not treated like people but rather livestock because of of how they worked and were traded. Slowly over time the race relation between whitesRead MoreAffirmative Action: Social Policy1348 Wo rds   |  6 PagesAffirmative Action Affirmative action is a social policy created to promote the welfare of minorities by supporting the idea that individuals are all created equal and should not be judged by race or gender. Therefore, in situations like job and university applications, we should consider minorities to be as feasible a choice for hire as a white male candidate, taking into consideration their background. In short, it tries to give minorities that have been at a disadvantage their whole life, anRead MoreThe Canadian Labor Market Of Canada1274 Words   |  6 PagesThere is a very strong emphasis on human rights systems and laws to address discrimination in Canada. Unfortunately simultaneously, Canadians also have a heritage of racism. It is not targeted only at Aboriginal persons, contrary to a common belief; it is also targeted towards other groups also, consisting of Chinese, African, South Asian, Japanese, Muslim and Jewish Canadians. Even today the Canadian structures and systems are affected by th is legacy distressing the lives of everyone and especiallyRead MoreAustrali A Strong Culture Of Racism1660 Words   |  7 Pagesthat a staggering 97% of indigenous Australians experience racial abuse on a regular basis even though this is their homeland? Australia has developed a strong culture of racism, caused by its long history of discrimination. Despite this a large majority of the population are in denial of its existence. The grim reality is that this bigotry is affecting all aspects of society including health, the economy, housing, unemployment rate and social unity. We must act, in order to decrease the levels ofRead MoreVisible Minority And Immigrant Racism1583 Words   |  7 PagesVisible Minority and Immigrant Racism in the Canadian Work Environment In the ideal world, every person is treated equally in the workplace whether it be hiring, promotion, assignments or termination. However in reality, racial discrimination and harassment remain pervasive in the workplace, with 1 in 4 visible minority workers who reported that they had experienced racial harassment or discrimination in the workplace [3]. In this essay, I will be discussing the social-history of racism in the workplace

Ella Fitzgerald Essay Research Paper Singer Born free essay sample

Ella Fitzgerald Essay, Research Paper Singer. Born April 25, 1917, in Newport News, Virginia. ( Though many biographical beginnings give her birth day of the month as 1918, her birth certification and school records show her to hold been born a twelvemonth earlier. ) Frequently referred to as the # 8220 ; first lady of vocal, # 8221 ; Fitzgerald enjoyed a calling that stretched over six decennaries. With her limpid modulation and a scope of three octaves, she became the preeminent wind vocalist of her coevals, entering over 2,000 vocals, selling over 40 million albums, and winning 13 Grammy Awards, including one in 1967 for Lifetime Achievement. As a immature miss turning up in Yonkers, merely outside New York City, Fitzgerald loved music and dreamed of being a terpsichorean. She and a friend, Charles Gulliver, performed a dance modus operandi at the local nines. Fitzgerald besides had an early involvement in vocalizing, and was greatly influenced by Connee Boswell, the lead vocalist of a jazz-influenced jazz band called the Boswell Sisters. We will write a custom essay sample on Ella Fitzgerald Essay Research Paper Singer Born or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 1932, Fitzgerald # 8217 ; s female parent died all of a sudden, and she went to populate with an aunt in Harlem. Fitzgerald was # 8220 ; discovered # 8221 ; two old ages subsequently, in an recreational competition at the Apollo Theater in Harlem, where she won foremost award for her rendering of a Boswell vocal, # 8220 ; The Object of My Affection. # 8221 ; She performed at the Harlem Opera House in 1935 before set downing a occupation as the featured singer in one of the epoch # 8217 ; s top # 8220 ; large bands. # 8221 ; She made her first recording, # 8220 ; Love and Kisses, # 8221 ; later that twelvemonth with the set # 8217 ; s leader, Chick Webb, on his record label, Decca. A swing version of the authoritative babys room rime, # 8220 ; A-Tisket, A-Tasket, # 8221 ; that Fitzgerald co-wrote with Webb and released in 1938, became her foremost hit recording and made her a national star. When Webb, who had been her legal defender, wise man, and near friend, died in 1939, Fitzgerald served as the leader of his set until it broke up in 1942. She spent the war old ages touring with assorted route shows and executing as a soloist at wind and dark nines around the state, and made a figure of recordings with Decca, including such popular albums as Lullabies of Birdland and Sweet and Hot. She began to work with an improvisational manner of singing called # 8220 ; scat, # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; Federal Bureau of Prisons, # 8221 ; singing, based on the composite, self-generated instrumental manner of Dizzy Gillespie. In 1945, Fitzgerald recorded a scat version of # 8220 ; Flying Home, # 8221 ; which became one of the most influential vocal wind records of the decennary. While on circuit with Gillespie # 8217 ; s set in 1946, Fitzgerald met and fell in love with the bassist Ray Brown, whom she married in 1947. ( She had been antecedently married to Be njamin Kornegay, a shipyard worker, but their biennial matrimony was annulled in 1943. ) Fitzgerald and Brown were divorced in 1952, but they continued to execute together in Brown’s ain wind jazz band. Meanwhile, Fitzgerald had begun to work with Norman Granz, the showman of a popular series called # 8220 ; Jazz at the Philharmonic. # 8221 ; In 1955, she was the first creative person signed to Granz # 8217 ; s new record label, Verve, and began entering a series of # 8220 ; songbook # 8221 ; albums. The first offering, a two-record set entitled Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Cole Porter Songbook ( 1956 ) led to eight other songbooks, each devoted to the work of a peculiar composer or composing squad: Harold Arlen, Irving Berlin, Duke Ellington, Jerome Kern, Frank Loesser, Johnny Mercer, Rodgers and Hart, and George and Ira Gershwin. The five-album Gershwin songbook is widely regarded as the finest of the aggregations. Through the songbook series, recorded between 1956 and 1964, Fitzgerald # 8217 ; s alone vocal endowments reached an audience far beyond the wind universe. Fitzgerald was a indefatigable performing artist, touring between 40 and 45 hebdomads every twelvemonth. Aside from her touring and recording attempts, she made characteristic movie visual aspects, including Ride # 8216 ; Em Cowboy ( 1942 ) and Pete Kelly # 8217 ; s Blues ( 1955 ) . In 1966, she moved from Verve ( which Granz had sold to MGM ) to Capitol Records, where she attempted to broaden her scope in dad recordings, let go ofing a state album and a record of Christmas music, among others. With Reprise Records, she made several albums of modern-day music, including vocals by the Beatles, Marvin Gaye, and Burt Bacharach. Fitzgerald returned to wind in 1973, when Granz formed a new label, Pablo. From 1973 to 1986, she made a series of recordings with the guitar player Joe Pass. In 1974, she played a wildly profitable two-week concert battle in New York, with fellow fables Frank Sinatra and Count Basie. Get downing in the early 1970s, Fitzgerald began to endure from eyesight jobs and other complaints, complicated by diabetes. She continued to tour nationally and internationally, nevertheless, and kept up her feverish touring agenda good into the 1980s. In 1986, Fitzgerald was hospitalized for exhaustion, and subsequently underwent a fivefold coronary beltway. By 1990, she had cut back her visual aspects to a few per month. In 1993, both of her legs were amputated below the articulatio genuss due to circulative system complications from her diabetes. The famously private Fitzgerald lived in Beverly Hills for many old ages. On June 15, 1996, she died at place at the age of 79, survived by her boy, Ray Brown, Jr. , and one grandchild.

National Debt an Example of the Topic Economics Essays by

National Debt by Expert Prof J.F | 16 Dec 2016 National debt is also called government debt or Public debt. National debt can be described as the money a government (central, federal, municipal or local government) owes. Governments in normal circumstances are supported by taxpayers money; the taxpayers comprise people the government represents. Therefore any debt any government owes can be seen as an indirect debt to the taxpayers. When a government spends more than it taxes it runs a deficit thereby accumulating debt over the time because it forces the government to borrow from within or outside. Need essay sample on "National Debt" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Government debt can be broken down into two: internal debt and external debt. Internal debt is money owed to lenders that are within the country. External debt on the other hand is the debt the government owes foreign lenders. The governments often borrows by issuing securities in form of government bonds or sovereign bonds and bills that form what are called treasury securities or securities that the government borrows from the central bank. Sometimes unethical and hard-pressed governments may resort to borrowing from commercial banks. Government debt can also be classified according to the repayment period that the particular debt takes. There is short-term debt, long-term debt and medium term debt. Short-term debt is normally one year and less, long-term debt is 10 years and more while medium term debt falls in between the two. Money creation The process of producing or issuing money is termed as money creation. Money is normally created in 2 ways. Manufacturing of physical money in a mint. This encompasses manufacture of coins and notes (paper currency) Through loaning out the physical money several times by what is termed as fractional-reserve lending. Creation of money by mint Minting of money can be categorized into competitive or nationalized. When the minting is competitive it means that competing manufacturers are in business of manufacturing coins. The mints first have to purchase billion from the billion markets. A billion is best described as bulk precious metals that are used for coin manufacture. Purity and mass are the critical aspects of the billion rather than the face value. Once they buy the billion the mints manufacture coins out of it, which they use to pay for their production costs and retain some profit. On the other hand, nationalized minting is where a particular government monopolizes coin manufacturing. In this system the government owns and operates mint that have the responsibility of producing coinage for the national system. Nationalized minting can either be minting with a right to exchange or can be minting with no right to exchange. Creation of money through practical reserve system Money multiplier is the most common money generating mechanism. This mechanism generally measures the level by which a commercial banking system increases the level of money supply. http://www.prosperityuk.com/prosperity/articles/moneymake.html#3 Central banks play the role of controlling the amount of money that the system creates. The central bank does this by placing reserve ratios on the commercial banks. These ratios set the primary deposits proportion the banks are required to hold as reserve qualifier. The reserve ratio is a very important factor because it prevents banks from generating excessive amount of money that would harm the economy of the country and also it safeguards the banks from cash shortages when large deposits are withdrawn. International Trade International Trade as the name suggests is the exchange of goods and services between one country and another. It can also be defined as trade across international boundaries. Traders in an international set up can be classified either as exporters or importers. The antecedent to international trade was barter systems or transactions where goods and other valuable items were exchanged The factors that greatly encourage international trade include lower production costs on one country as opposed to another, which means goods and services from one region are cheaper. Another factor is the availability of specialized industries in a particular region that is not available in another one, this means that a certain region has the capacity and capability to produce certain goods and services in a very specialized manner because of the availability of advanced technology. Also lack or surplus of natural resources plays a major role in international trade. International Trade is an important component of economics and can be considered the Engine that runs most nations and contributes greatly to GDP of most countries. If not for international trade must countries would be limited to the goods and services that are only available within the country itself, this of course would basically make the growth of many economies grind to a halt. International trade has continued to evolve and change especially with the advancement of technology and perhaps the latest technological advancement that has impacted the trade significantly is the Internet, which has turned the world into a small global village. Works Cited A Glossary of Political Economy Terms: http://www.auburn.edu/~johnspm/gloss/national_debt: Retrieved on 28th February 2008 http://www.prosperityuk.com/prosperity/articles/moneymake.html#3: Retrieved on 28th February 2008 Reem Heakal : What Is International Trade? http://www.investopedia.com/articles/03/112503.asp: Retrieved on 28th February 2008

Signs of Roman power essays

Signs of Roman power essays The power and prestige of the Roman Emperors were apparent in everything from the large, extravagant palaces of Rome, to Roman art and sculpture, and even in Roman coinage. Julius Caesar was the first emperor to put his own image on the face of a coin within his own lifetime. In this way, he was proving to the Roman public that his face was the ideal model of Roman power and strength. In 44 B.C., Caesar issued a coin bearing his portrait in the veristic style of the day. On one side of the coin, his face was shown in profile. His exaggerated long neck, large Adams apple, lined cheeks and high, wrinkled forehead were all clear signs of Caesars age and wisdom. He even wears a golden wreath to hide his slightly balding head. Whether or not this is a perfectly accurate portrayal of the emperor is not important, the only task is to show the emperor in an influential and authoritative light. On the reverse side of the coin, Caesar goes even farther with his propaganda by showing the god Venus, in her military armor as Victrix, holding Victoria in her right hand. By showing the goddess on his coin, Caesar is specifically trying to symbolize the link between his family and that of the ancient gods. If Caesar himself is related to a god, then he must be divine himself. In this way, he not only links himself to the divine gods, but also all of Rome as well (a country of superhumans!). Therefore, using his own image as a symbol, Caesar specifically tries to portray the idea of ideal Roman power and supremacy on every object he can- even Roman coins. Symbols of strength and military power are also prevalent in the architecture of ancient Rome. The Roman Colosseum, also called the Ampitheatrum Flavium, was 160 feet high with eighty entrances and could seat more than 50,000 people when it was erected by Vespasians son Titus. In 80 AD, when the theatre was completed, the opening show was comprised of one hundred days o...